沪教牛津版八上英语语法范文(精选3篇)

语法（英文 :grammar）是语言学的一个分支，研究按确定用法来运用的"词类"、"词"的屈折变化或表示相互关系的其他手段以及词在句中的功能和关系， 以下是为大家整理的关于沪教牛津版八上英语语法3篇 , 供大家参考选择。

沪教牛津版八上英语语法3篇

第一篇: 沪教牛津版八上英语语法

6A Unit 1

Phrases:

1. family tree 家谱

2. a lot of 许多

3. birthday card 生日卡片

4. get…from… 从…得到…

5. happy birthday 生日快乐

6. go shopping 去购物

7. what else 别的什么

8. play badminton 打羽毛球

9. play games 玩游戏

10. play football 踢足球

11. go swimming 去游泳

12. go cycling 去骑车

13. go to a restaurant 去饭店

14. go to the park 去公园

15. watch TV 看电视

16. watch a film 看电影

Exercises for Unit 1

I. Choose the best answer. (选择最佳答案)

1.( ) I have _______ aunt and _______ uncle.

A. an; an B. an; a C. a; an D. a; a

2. ( ) A: I have two aunts.

B: I have two aunts, _______.

A. only B. too C. either D. also

3. ( ) Kitty _______ finishes her homework on time. She never leaves it for tomorrow.

A. never B. always C. sometimes D. usually

4. ( ) Tom has got a lot of Christmas cards _______ his good friends.

A. with B. by C. from D. at

5. ( ) Mary usually _______ her homework after dinner.

A. do B. does C. write D. writes

6. ( ) Danny usually goes fishing with _______ uncle.

A. he B. his C. he’s D. him

7. ( ) Joe is my father’s brother. He is my _______.

A. cousin B. aunt C. brother D. uncle

8. ( ) Do you want to make a kite _______ your sister?

A. on B. to C. for D. at

9. ( ) What _______ do you usually do at weekends?

A. other B. else C. also D. too

10. ( ) I usually go to the restaurant _______ my good friend.

A. with B. about C. to D. at

11. ( ) How many uncles _______ Mary _______?

A. is… there B. are… there

C. has…got D. have…got

12. ( ) Alice, _______ my new friend Bill.

A. he is B. she is C. that is D. this is

13. ( ) A: what do you often help your mother do?

B: I often _______.

A. go to the cinema B. watch TV

C. wash the dishes D. walk in the park

14. ( ) How much _______ do you want, Kitty?

A. eggs B. books C. milk D. cakes

15. ( ) On Sundays, Susan likes to _______ with her cousin.

A. going shopping B. shopping

C. go to shopping D. go shopping

II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.（用所给单词的适当形式填空）

1.The students are planning to interview __________ (they) parents.

2.I usually go __________ (swim) with my mum.

3.The two ___________ (family) from Canada will visit Shanghai next week.

4.Does Mr. Smith come to China for the ________ (one) time?

5.What else do you do with ________ (he)?

6.Alice has got a lot of birthday ________ (card) from her family and relatives.

III. Rewrite the following sentences.（按要求改写句子）

1.I sometimes play badminton with my brother. (改为否定句)

I ________ _______ badminton with my brother.

2.I have three aunts .(划线提问)

________ _________ aunts do you have?

3.This is my cousin.(改为复数)

_________ _________ my __________.

4.My family is big. Your family is bigger.(用than连成一句)

Your family is _______ _______ my family.

5.I usually go cycling with my father.(划线提问)

________ do you usually ________ with your father?

6.She always watches TV after dinner.(一般疑问句)

________ she always ________ TV after dinner?

IV. Write out the words according to the sounds.（根据音标写出单词）6%

1. / / __________ 2./ / ____________

3. / / __________ 4. / / _____________

5. / / __________ 6. / ( ) / _____________

V. Find the word which has the same sound to the word given.（选出与划线部分发音相同的选项）

( ) 1. relative A. she B. cinema C. red D. people

( ) 2. cycle A. yes B. cry C. sorry D. baby

( ) 3. badminton A. cake B. family C. car D. father

( ) 4. cousin A. south B. house C. loud D. young

( ) 5. shop A. nose B. cold C. stop D. colour

VI. Choose the right word to complete the sentences.（选择适当的词填空）

1.Alice and her sister ______________ (has, have) got a very big bedroom.

2.Do you have ______________ (some, any) questions to ask?

3.She is very helpful. She likes to help ______________ (other, others).

4.Kitty likes to show us a photo ______________ (with, of) he family and relatives.

5.My grandparents can play ______________ (/, the) basketball in the afternoon.

VII. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs.（用所给动词的适当形式填空）

1.Mr. Smith sometimes ______________ (go) to the cinema with his wife.

2.The little girl can’t ____________ (run) fast.

3.My parents never ____________ (dance) together.

4.Alice ____________ (not be) from the USA.

5.Mary likes ___________ (run) in the morning.

6.It often __________ (rain) in Shanghai in spring.

7.Kitty _________ (have) got a very nice bedroom.

8._________ you usually __________ (watch) TV with your family?

Reading and Writing

Ⅰ.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）

My family is a big one. There are eleven p_______ in my family. My grandfather and g________ are both teachers. My father is a doctor. My mother is a nurse. They work hard. I o_______ have one aunt. Her name is Sue. She has a d_________. My c_______ and I are students.

My name is Alice. I study a_____ Middle School. I like drawing. I u________ go shopping with my a_______ and sometimes play b_________ with her, too. I love my family m_________.

Ⅱ.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.（选择最恰当的单词，完成短文）

Mr. Brown __1__ a big garden. There are ___2___ trees and flowers in it. The flowers are very __3__. Some flowers are red, some flowers are yellow. He loves the garden __4__ much. His ___5___ often play near it. His two daughters __6__kites and his four sons play football. What a big family he has! And __7__ happy they are!

( ) 1. A. have B. has C. had D. have not

( ) 2. A. much B. any C. many D. a lot

( ) 3. A. too beautiful B. much beautiful

C. beautiful D. beautifully

( ) 4. A. too B. more C. very D. a lot

( ) 5. A. children B. child C. brother D. wife

( ) 6. A. fly B. flys C. are flying D. flies

( ) 7. A. what B. what a C. how a D. how

Ⅲ. Answer the questions according to the passage.（根据文章内容回答问题）

Most English people have three names: a first name, a middle name and the family name. Their family name comes last. For example, my full name is Jim Allan Green. Green is my family name. My parents gave me both of my other names.

People don’t use their middle names very much. So “John Henry Brown” is usually called “John Brown”. People never use Mr., Mrs. or Miss before their first names. So you can say John Brown, or Mr. Brown; but you should never say Mr. John. They use Mr., Mrs. or Miss with the family name but never with the first name.

Sometimes people ask me about my name. “When you were born, why did your parents call you Jim?” they ask.” Why did they choose that name?” The answer is they didn’t call Jim. They called me James. James was the name of my grandfather. In England, people usually call me Jim for short. That’s because it is shorter and easier than James.

1.How many names do most English people have?

______________________________________

2.What is Jim’s family name?

______________________________________

3.What do English people use Mr., Mrs. or Miss with?

______________________________________

4.Why do people usually call the writer Jim instead of James?

______________________________________

5.What’s your English name?

______________________________________

Ⅳ. Write at least 60 words about the topic “I have a happy family”（就“我有一个幸福的家庭”为题，写至少5句话）

Suggested outlines:(文章必须包含下列要点)

1.What’s your family like?

2.Tell something about your family and relatives.

3.Do you like your family? Why?

Key

I. Choose the best answer.

1-5 ABBCB 6-10 BDCBA 11-15 CDCCD

II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms:

their swimming families first him cards

III. Rewrite the following sentences:

1. never/don’t play many are …cousins than …do … watch

IV. Write out the words according to the sounds:

V. Find the word which has the same sound to the word given

1. C 2. B

VI. Choose the right word to complete the sentences.

1. have 2. any 5./

VII. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs.

1. goes 2. run 3. dance 4. isn’t

5. running 6. rains 7. has 8. Do…watch

Reading and Writing

Ⅰ.Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words

(s)

basketball

Ⅱ.Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage

1. B 2. C 7. D

Ⅲ. Answer the questions according to the passage

1. Three

2. Green

3. the family name

4. Because it is shorter and easier than James.

第二篇: 沪教牛津版八上英语语法

in the top在顶部的内部 at the top在顶部这个范围之内 on the top在顶部的表面

举个例子吧,有点牵强,不过还能帮助一下理解.

你去爬山,快到山顶的时候,叫at the top of the mountain;

你爬到山顶了,站在最高的点上,叫on the top of the mountain;

你发现石头缝里有一条通道,沿着通道往下走了几步,来到一个溶洞里(这个溶洞还是在山的相对顶部),叫in the tpo of the mountain.

量词：

1、一瓶水 a bottle of water 2、两瓶水two bottles of water

3、一副手套a pair of gloves 4、一副太阳镜a pair of sunglasses

5、一双鞋a pair of shoes 6、两双鞋 two pairs of shoes

7、一包巧克力 a bag of chocolates 8、两副手套 two pairs of gloves

9、两瓶牛奶two bottles of milk 10、一瓶苹果汁a bottle of apple juice

11、一袋玉米 a packet of corn 12、两袋玉米 two packets of corn

13、一盒橡皮a box of rubbers 14、三盒牛奶 three boxes of milk

15、一杯水a glass of water 16、两杯果汁two glasses of juice

牛津英语4B专项练习(一)

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. (that) desks are very dirty.Let’s clean (they).

2. Can you (brush) your teeth,Danny?Yes,I .

3.My sisters (have) some new (paint).

4.What you (do) now? I (play) football.

5.Their friend (be) in the playground now.

6.Is this (you) English book? No,it is (Kitty).

7.May I have (some) hot dogs?Yes.Here you are.

8.How many (child) are there in the music room?

(there be) one.

9.Are (that) (they)cups?Yes,they are.

10.The cat (sleep) in the house now..

11.What can you ( hear)?I can (hear) a piano.

12.Are you (draw) now?No,I am not.

13.Let’s (go) to the garden.

14. (taste) the cake,please.

15.What they (do)?

They (dance) in the room.

牛津英语4B专项练习(二)

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1.Can she (make) a cake? Yes,she .

2 .How many rulers (have) John got?He’s got five rulers.

3.Whose dogs (be) these? They’re Peter’s.

4.What can you (touch)? An orange.

5.Can you draw) a lemon?Yes,I can.

6.What (have) your friend got?

7.Listen!My son (sing) an English song.

8. (there be) not (some) apples on the plate.

9. (this) are (fox) .They (like) grapes.

10. (touch) the pineapple.It’s rough.

11.Don’t talk. Mrs Chen (play) the guitar.

12.It’s eleven o’clock.Henry (eat) lunch.

13.Danny (like) singing.Now he (sing) in the hall.

14.Look,he (have) a new toy car.Let’s (play) with it.

15.Can the cats (chase) the mice?Yes,they can.

16. (there be) a pen and a ruler in the box.

17. (not run) in the classroom.It’s dangerous.

牛津英语4B专项练习(三)

1. There are some orange penciles on the desk .(改为单数)

There orange pencile on the desk .

2.The blue kite is a star. (对划线部分提问)

is the blue kite?

3.Eddie’s shoes are dirty. (对划线部分提问)

Shoes are dirty?

4.Our Chinese books are on the shelf. (对划线部分提问)

are Chinese books?

5.They are talking in the office. (改为一般疑问句)

they in the office?

6. Her father is writing a letter in the room. (对划线部分提问)

is her father in the room?

7.Linda can swim in the sea.( 改为一般疑问句)

Linda swim in the sea?

8.Mary’s toy bear is beside the window. (对划线部分提问)

Mary’s toy bear?

9.Her brother can play the pianio. (对划线部分提问)

can her brother ?

10.His friend’s football is new. (对划线部分提问)

football is new?

牛津英语4B专项练习(四)

1.Sally and Lily are reading a picture-book. (对划线部分提问)

are Sally and Lily ?

2.Sam can draw a little tree.(改成现在进行时)

Sam a little tree now.

3.My teacher is happy. (改为否定句,保持意思不变)

My teacher isn’t .

4.It’s rough . (对划线部分提问)

does it ?

5.This is Tim’s ball. (对划线部分提问)

ball is this?

6. This pen is blunt. (改为否定句,保持意思不变)

This pen .

7.Mary can draw a panda. (改为否定句)

Mary draw a panda.

8.John is my good friend. (对划线部分提问)

good friend.

9.There is a peach in the bag. (对划线部分提问)

How many there in the bag?

10. There is some juice in the bottle. (改为一般疑问句)

there juice in the bottle?

牛津英语4B专项练习(五)按要求改写句子。

1. May, go to the door,please.(改为否定句)

May, to the door,please.

2.Are these sheep white? (改为肯定句)

white.

3.Mr Wang is reading a newspaper on the sofa.(对划线部分提问)

Mr Wang on the sofa?

4.She’s got an apple in her hand. (对划线部分提问)

she got in her bag?

5.Tom is riding his bicycle in the park. (改为否定句)

Tom his bicycle in the park.

6. It’s sweet. (对划线部分提问)

How it ?

7.Mrs Li has got some nice hats. (改为一般疑问句)

Mrs Li nice hats?

8.Danny can smell the coffee. (对划线部分提问)

can Danny ?

9.These are Betty’s short brushes.(对划线部分提问)

short brushes these?

10. This toy piano is new. (改为否定句,保持意思不变)

This toy piano .

11.Alice is reading books in the library.Lucy is reading books in the library.（两句并为一句）

Alice Lucy reading books in the library。

牛津英语4B专项练习(六)

按要求写词语（每空3分共100分）

1、this(复数) 2、thick(反义词)

3、have(第三人称单数) 4、talk(近义词)

5、old（反义词） 6、brush（复数）

7、library （复数） 8、write（现在分词）

9、he（所有格） 10、black (反义词)

11、close (反义词) 12、toy（复数）

13、grapes（单数） 14、smell（同类词）

15、shake（现在分词） 16、making （原形）

17、can not（缩写） 18、it （所有格）

19、write（同音词） 20、sing（现在分词）

21、read（现在分词） 22、do（现在分词）

23 、draw（现在分词） 24、swim （现在分词）

25、talk（现在分词） 26、paint （现在分词）

27、hear（同音词） 28、see （同音词）

29、their （同音词） 30、right（同音词）

31、run （现在分词） 32、eat （现在分词）

33、chase （现在分词） 34、jump（现在分词）

35、sit（现在分词） 36、children （单数）

37、 branch（复数） 38、leaves（单数）

牛津英语4B专项练习(七)

疑问代词专项练习 what，how ， whose ， who， what colour

how many， how old， where， when， what time

1. are you?I’m nine.

2. birthday is it today? It’s my birthday.

3 is she ? She’s my friend,Kally.

4. is your new dress?It’s red and white.

5. classmates have you got? Forty.

6. are you?Not very well.

7. does your father do? He’s an English teacher.

8. do you feel?I’m thirsty.

9. is it now? It’s nine.

10. is it?It’s a card.

11. is your name ?Danny.

12. do you usually get to school? In the afternoon.

13. is the leaf? It’s green.

14. does he usually get up ?At five thirty o’clock.

15. do you live ?Changchun.

16. dog is this?Eddie’s.

17. is she?She’s my little sister.

18. does she come from?Canada.

19. shape is the biscuit?It’s circle.

20. does it feel?It’s hard.21. are you ?I’m fine.

4B练习题(一)按要求写单词：

brush复数---- that复数---- library复数----

new反义词--- thin反义词--- long反义词---

write现在分词--- draw现在分词--- sing现在分词---

swim现在分词--- read现在分词--- talk现在分词---

do现在分词--- paint现在分词--- fly复数----

hear同音词--- see同音词--- their同音词---

right同音词--- beside同类词--- happy同类词---

sleep同类词--- drum同类词--- run现在分词---

jump现在分词--- eat现在分词--- chase现在分词---

oranges同类词--- rough同类词--- feel同类词---

nose同类词--- eat现在分词--- write现在分词---

sit现在分词--- branches单数--- children单数---

grapes 单数--- wolf复数---- take现在分词---

child复数---- sandwich复数---- happy反义词---

hungry反义词--- for同音词--- their同音词---

leaves单数--- eyes单数--- make现在分词---

dig现在分词--- watch现在分词--- wash现在分词---

small反义词--- smooth反义词--- biscuit同类词---

close反义词--- nice 近义词--- apple同类词---

eye同音词--- apples单数--- see近义词---

on反义词--- little反义词--- ride现在分词---

4B练习题(二)

用所给动词的适当形式填空：

（一）1、Helen can (run) very fast.

2、Listen! Alice (sing )a song.

3、What the children (do) now?They (write) their homework.

4、Don’t (talk) .My baby sister (sleep) in her bedroom.

5、What can Ben (do)?He can (speak) English.

6、Kitty likes (swim) very much.

（二）1、We (play) the violin now.Can you (play)?

2、 (listen) to the recorder.The children (play) the recorder.

3、I (have) got a box of chcolates.She (have ) got a box of sweets.

4、Don’t (walk) on the grass. (walk) in the playground.

5、This hamburger (be)nice. (taste)it,please.

（三）1、Look!Supergirl (make) a toy.

2、Come and help (I),please.

3、How much are (this) puzzles?Thirty yuan.

4、Where (be) the masks?Here they are..

5、Look at (those) bear .It’s lovely.

6、I (like) solders.But I like bears.

（四）1、Mr Chen (write)a letter to his friend now.

2、There are forty (dish) in the cupboard.

3、He can (ride) a horse .He likes (ride) his horse very much.

4、This is my cousin. (she) name is Maggie.

5、Supergirl and Superdog are in (they) spaceships.

(五)连线：

1、I can hear with my nose .

2、I can see with my tongue.

3、I can touch with my eyes.

4、I can smell with my ears.

5、I can taste with my hands.

4B练习题(三)

一、读一读，完成下列句子。

1、Look!Those crayons are not short and thin.They’re and thick.

2、Are you ? No,I am not painting.

3、Your books are new.But my books are .

4、Where are you? in the library.

5、Touch the desk.It’s not rough and soft .It’s and .

6、Feel it! It’s not hot. It’s .It’s ice.

7、The long and blunt pencil is not Ben’s.Ben’s pencil is and .

8、I’m young ,but my grangfather is .

9、Eddie is short and thin.But Ben is and .

10、The bear is brown.The panda is and .

二、根据例句，完成句子。

例：I’m tall. I’m not short.

1、Jane ,are you hungry? No, I am .

2、Is summer dry? No,it’s .

3、Don’t put on the box. Put it the box ,please.

4、Our school isn’t behind Moon Park.It’s this park.

5、I don’t like this thin book.I like that one.

三、选择动词并用适当形式填空。watch make wash fly sit

1、My mother is a cake in the kichen.

2、What is your sister doing ?She is some dirty dishes.

3、Can you a kite ,Ben?No,I can’t.

4、Where is Grandpa?He is in the living-room and .

四、填入适当介词：

1、I’m sitting in of Linda.She is sitting me .

2、Look,there is an aeroplane flying the building.

3、Number 4 is number 3 and number 5.

4、Our classroom is the second floor.

5、It’s raining.Let’s stand the umbrella.

4B练习题(四)

一、按要求写句子。

1、Those are Danny’s pens. (1、5、7、8、9、对划线部分提问)

2、This is John’s chair.(改为复数句)

3、I am reading in the library.（改成否定句）

4、Mary is dancing in the hall.（4、6改为一般疑问句）

5、They are painting.

6、I have got a little rabbit.

7、I’m chasing the dog on the farm.

8、There are twenty bears in the toy shop .

9、The big basket is brown. 对划线部分提问

10、Open the book. （改成否定句,但意思保持不变）

对划线部分提问:11--24

11、We are at school .

12、Those boys are playing football.

13、Kitty is singing.

14、The leaves are yellow in autumn.

15、The kite is blue .

16、Eddie’s shoes are dirty.

17、Our books are on the desk .

18、Her father is writing a letter in the room.

19、Her brother can play the paino .

20、Her friend’s ball is new.

21、Sally and Lily are reading a book .21-24对划线部分提问

22、John is my good friend.

23、I am ten years old.

24、There are seven dogs in the park.

25、This is an apple.

26、They are talking in the office . （26-27改为一般疑问句）

27、She can jump.

28、Run on the road .（28-30改成否定句）

29、Mary can draw a picture .

30、Tom is riding a bicycle.

4B练习题（五）

选择题：

1、What our teachers doing?

A. is B. are C. am

2、 rulers are long.They’re Wendy’s. A. This B. These C. They

3、--What’s his mother ?

--She’s writing a letter.

A. do B. does C. doing

4、Eddie can .Look!He is .

A. write…writing B. writing…write C. writing…writing

5、That cat a long tail.It’s lovely.

A. is B. has got C. have got

6、 are Peter and Danny?In the hall.

A. Whose B. Where C. What

7、 pens are these?They’re Jack’s pens.

A. Whose B. What C. Who’s

8、Is this Kitty’s book? Yes,it’s book.

A. his B. her C. she’s

9、Whose these ? They are Ben’s.

A. brush B. brushes C. the brush

10、 is Eddie doing now?He’s playing.

A. Where B. How C. What

11、-Where is the mouse?—Look!It’s the hole.

A. playing B. dig C. in

12、Kitty is Eddie’s deskmate.She is sitting Eddie.

A. behind B. beside C. in front of

13、Mary play the drum.Listen! She’s the drum now.

A. is…play B. can…playing C. can…play

14、 recorder is this? It’s .

A. Whose…Kally’s B. Whose…Kally C. What…Kally’s

15、I can’t play .

A. the guitar B. guitar C. a guitar

16、I can’t see my dog.Oh! It’s me.

A. behind B. for C. to

17、I can footballvery well. A. plays B. playing C. play

二、选词填空：for, in, rough, like, hard, touch, close, feel, birthday ,put

--Happy to you,John.

--Thank you.

--Here’s a present you.

--What’s in it?

-- your eyes. your hands it. it.How do you ?

--Yes,it is .

--Oh,how nice.I it very much.

三、选词填空： cousin, cold , ugly, make, wet, rainy

1、It’s raining hard.It’s a .

2、Mother bird can a nest.

3、There is much water on the floor .It is here.

4、I don’t like hot water.I like water.

5、Linda is my .We don’t see each other,but we often write letters to each other.

6、The baby is not beautiful.It’s .

四、根据上下文填空。

It’s noisy day.I can hear many( 1) .Listen!It’s raining hard.Pitter-pat!The（2) blows and blows.Whoo-whoo!There are many (3) on the road.Honk-honk!I am(4) TV in the room.And my(5)

is sitting beside me.Miao-miao! Tick-tick! Tick-tick!What(6) is it now?Look(7) the clock.It’s five ( 8) .I have to(不得不)do my homework.After doing my homework,Ican watch TV again (9) seven o’clock.I can (10) my favourite program(最喜欢的节目).Tom and Jerry.Yeah!

五、选出划线部分发音与其他单词不同的单词。

（）1、A chase B Chinese C chair D school

（）2、A March B Mary C car D scarf

（）3、A read B weather C teacher D leaf

（）4、A egg B red C smell D open

（）5、A write B wind C warm D we

答案：四、1)noise 2) wind 3)buses 4)watching 5)cat 6)time 7)at 8)o’clock 9)at 10)watch

4B练习题（六）

1、 are you,Alice?I’m in the sitting-room.

A． Who B. Where C. How

2、 some orange juice in the glass.

A. There are B. There is C . They are

3、 you ?Yes,I am.

A. Are…writing B. Can…writing C. Are…write

4、Look at the dog. ears are long .

A. Its B. Their C. It’s

5、 the chocolate.It’s sweet.

A. Taste B. Touch C. Smell

6、The boy can .Look,he .

A. cooking…cook B. cook…is cooking C. cook…cooking

7、What you ?I can swim.

A. are…doing B. can…doing C. can…do

8、These are oranges.

A. small yellow B. yellow small C. yellow sour

9、How many are there in the playground?Four.

A. short boys B. short boy C. the short boys

10、 are the dishes?They’ve white.

A. What B. What shape C. What colour

11、 the grapes.They’ve soft and smooth.

A. Smell B. Touch C. Taste

12、Kitty can play drum.But she can’t play football.

A. the…the B. \…the C. the…\

13、Danny,put the ears the rabbit.A in B at C on

14、The cat is in front of the box .The box is the cat.

A. beside B. in front of C. behind

15、My father can .Look,he’s .

A. dive…dive B. diving…diving C. dive…diving

16、 pineapples are these?They’re Miss Fang’s. A. Who’s B. Whose C.What

17、What the boy ?He’s eating an orange.

A. is…doing B. is…do C. can…do

18、Is that triangle,Alice ?No,it’s my triangle.

A . you B. my C. your

19、I can’t see the clock.But I can the clock.

A. listen B. hear C. look at

20、The birds peaches.

A. don’t like B. doesn’t like C. like not

4B练习题（七）

1、 the lemon.It’s sour. A. Taste B. Touch C. Smsll

2、 is my ruler? It’s in your desk . A. What B. Whose C. Where

3、Look!Jane her homework. A. do B. doing C. is doing

4、Eddie can play the triangle. A. \ B. the C. a

5、 are its eyes. A. It B. These C. This

6、What is that man?He’s . A. a waiter B. my father C. Eric’s brother

7、Look at the dog. ears are long .

A. Its B. Their C. It’s

8、Touch the pineapple.It’s . A. soft B. sour C. rough

9、What are the children doing?They a cake.

A. can make B. are making C. like making

10、I can the oranges.They ’re sweet and sour.

A. taste B. touch C. see

11、 is the biscuit?It’s a triangle.

A. What shape B. Where C. What colour

12、I like juice , I don’t like jam.

A. but B. and C. for

13、What Mary got ?Please guess!

A. has B. have C. is

14、Look at the plant. flower is yellow.

A. It’s B. Its C. It

15、How many have pets? A. teachers B. a teacher C. the teacher

16、Jenny is .She is eating hamburgers.

A. tired B. thirsty C. hungry

17、Can the mouse on the door?

A. jumps B. jump C. jumping

18、Look!I have got a of biscuits.

A. pactet B. sweet C. boxes

19、These are oranges.

A. small yellow B. yellow small C. yellow sour

六、写出下列单词的所有格

he she I they we

you it you

七、1、系动词Be有 、 、 。

2、现在进行时的构成： + 。

八、写出下列单词的宾格

you it you he

she I they we

4B练习题（八）

1、It’s half past nine at night,Kitty. .

A. Get up B. Have breakfast C. Go to bed

2、What is it?It’s four o’lock.

A. time B. colour C. season

3、Listen! I can hear the .Tick-tick.

A. rain B. clock C. wind

4、 the blackboard and me.

A. Look…listen B. Look at…listen to C. Look at…listen

5、-What time do you ? –At half past seven in the morning.

A. have lunch B. go home C. go to school

6、 can tell us the time.

A . A bicycle B. A clock C. A chair

7、It’s nine o’clock.I now.

A .watch television B. watching television C. am watching television

8、You are late for the party,Ben!Yes,I’m .

A. soory B. happy C. afraid

9、Who’s is she? She’s mother.

A. kitty and Ben’s B. kitty’s and Ben’s C. kitty and Ben

10、What’s the weather like in winter in Shanghai?It’s .

A . wind and dry B. hot and dry C. warm and wet

11、How the lemon taste?It’s sour.

A. do B.is C. does

12、 umbrella is this?

A. Who’s B. What C. Wh ose

13、What can you play? I can play basketball.

A. the B. \ C. a

14、完型填空

Class is over .the students are very happy.Look,the girl with 1

hair is 2 a nice picture in the classroom.And the girl 3 short hair

is reading a book.In the playground you can see some 4 playing yo-yo.And there is a 5 boy skippinga rope 6 the tree.He wants to lose weight(减肥).

1．（ ） A long B thin C big

2．（ ） A writing B playing C drawing

3．（ ） A in B with C on

4．（ ） A boys B man C boy

5．（ ） A thin B long C fat

6．（ ） A on B under C in

4B练习题（九）

1、What are you doing ,Ben? .

A． I am playing . B. He’s playing. C. She’s playing .

2、My mother is a letter from my grandmother.

A. reading B. write C. drawing

3、Look!This is my brother. name’s Peter .

A. Her B. His C. He

4、 is your dog ?He’s behind the tree.

A. What B. Where C. How

5、-What am I doing?- washing some toys.

A. She is B. You’re C. I’m

6、Here the Chens.They are busy.

A. is B. are C. am

7、Kitty a cayon.She draw.

A. has…can B. is…can C. has…is

8、The man can fly an aeroplane.He is a .

A. student B. nurse C. pilot

9、Peter’s father can ride a bike . he can’t drive a car.

A. And B. So C. But

10、This is my pet. name’s Ginger.

A. It B. It’s C. Its

11、The leaves are in .

A. yellow…spring B. green…spring C. green…autumn

12、What the girls doing on the beach?

A. are B. is C. do

13、Mix some yellow paint and blue paint together.I can see .

A. pink B. purple C. green

14、- is sitting under the umbrella ?-Mum.

A. Where B. Who C. What

15、Where the Tans?

A. are B. is C. am

16、-What’s in the cage?- a bird in the cage.

A. This is B. It’s C. There is

17、There is a temple the top of the mountain.

A. on B. at C. above

18、The lizard change colours.

A. can B. is C. has

19、 is this toy bear ?It’s twelve yuan.

A. How many B. How much C. How

4B练习题(十)用所给词的适当形式填空：

1、 (that)desks are dirty.Let’s clean (they).

2、Can you (brush) your teeth?Yes,I （can）.

3、What you (do) now?I （play）football.

4、Is this (you) English book?No,it is (Kitty).

5、The cat (sleep)in the house now.

6、What can you (hear)?I can (hear) a piano.

7、Are you (draw)?No,I am not.

8、Let’s (go) to the park.

9、 (taste) the cake ,please.

10、Look!They (dance) in the room.

11、Can she (make) a cake?Yes,she .

12、How many rulers (have) John got?

13、Whose dogs (be) these? They’re Peter’s.

14、Listen!My son (sing) a song.

15、Don’t talk.Mrs Chen （play）the guitar.

16、Danny likes (sing) .Now he (sing)in the room.

17、 (there be)a pen and a ruler in the box.

18、He (have) a new toy dog.Let’s （play）with it.

19、Don’t (walk) on the grass.

20、Look at （those）cat.It’s lovely.

4BM1U2

一、选出不同类的单词：

（ ）1、A shoe B dress C blouse D bowl

（ ）2、A our B his C he D my

( ) 3、A table B chair C desk D room

( ) 4、A dish B breakfast C dinner D lunch

( ) 5、A write B read C look D sing

( )6、A orange B prawn C pear D strawberry

( )7、A fat B thin C young D short

( )8、A jump B run C swim D happy

( )9、A farmer B mother C father D uncle

( )10、A animal B rabbit C lion D tiger

二、选择填空：

（ ）1、Touch the bag .What can you ?A taste B feel C smell

（ ）2、Peter a crayon .He can .

A has, paint B have ,paint C has got, draw

（ ）3、Look!This is brother , eyes are big .A, his ,my B, my, his

C your,My

（ ）4、Linda’s brother can a bicycle,but he can’t a car.

A ride,drive B drive,ride C ride, play

（ ）5、---What you ?---I a doctor .A are,are B am ,are C are,am

（ ）6、These are tall and thin.A postman B postmen C, postmans

（ ）7、---Can you swim?---No, .A I ,can’t B I, can C I, can swim.

（ ）8、Here your presents,Lily.A am B is C are

（ ）9、 the mirror,how does it feel?A Touch B Taste C Smell

（ ）10、Kitty has got a cat. cat is small.A She B His C Her

4B错题重做

六、用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1、Listen! Alice (sing )a song.

2、What the children (do) now?

They (write) their homework.

3、Don’t (talk) .My baby sister (sleep) in her bedroom.

4、We (play) the violin now.

5、 (listen) to the recorder.The children (play) the recorder.

6、I (have) got a box of chcolates.She (have ) got a box of sweets.

7、Look!Supergirl (make) a toy.

8、I (like) solders.But I like bears.

9、Mr Chen (write)a letter to his friend now.

10、He can (ride) a horse .He likes (ride) his horse very much.

七 leaves单数--- read现在分词--- eat现在分词---

八、 写出下列单词的所有格

he she I they

we you it you

第三篇: 沪教牛津版八上英语语法

　八年级上英语语法点
　　1) leave得用法
　　1、“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:　When did you leave Shanghai?　您什么时候离开上海得？
　　2、“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
　　Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London、　下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
　　3、“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:
　　Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?您为什么要离开上海去北京？
　　2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
　　should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”得意思,例如:
　　How should I know? 我怎么知道？
　　Why should you be so late today? 您今天为什么来得这么晚？
　　should有时表示应当做或发生得事,例如:We should help each other、我们应当互相帮助。
　　我们在使用时要注意以下几点:
　　1、 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”得概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
　　You should be here with clean hands、 您应该把手洗干净了再来。
　　2、 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
　　You should go to the doctor if you feel ill、 如果您感觉不舒服,您最好去瞧医生。
　　3、 用于表示可能性。should得这一用法就是考试中常常出现得考点之一。例如:
　　We should arrive by supper time、 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
　　She should be here any moment、 她随时都可能来。
　　3) What、、、? 与 Which、、、?
　　1、 what 与 which 都就是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但就是what仅用来询问职业。如:
　　What is your father? 您父亲就是干什么得？
　　该句相当于:
　　What does your father do?
　　What is your father"s job?
　　Which 指代得就是特定范围内得某一个人。如:---Which is Peter? 哪个就是皮特？
　　---The boy behind Mary、 玛丽背后得那个男孩。
　　2、 What、、、?就是泛指,所指得事物没有范围得限制;而 Which、、、?就是特指,所指得事物有范围得限制。如:
　　What color do you like best? (所有颜色)　您最喜爱什么颜色？
　　Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定得范围)　您最喜爱哪一种颜色？
　　3、 what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词与不可数名词。如: Which pictures are from China?　哪些图片来自中国？
　　4) 频度副词得位置
　　1、常见得频度副词有以下这些:always(总就是,一直)usually(通常)often(常常,经常)sometimes(有时候)never(从不)
　　2、频度副词得位置:
　　a、放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:　　David is often arrives late for school、　大卫上学经常迟到。
　　b、放在行为动词前。如:　We usually go to school at 7:10 every day、我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
　　c、有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike、有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
　　3、never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:Never have I been there、
　　5) every day 与 everyday
　　1、 every day　作状语,译为“每一天”。如:
　　We go to school at 7:10 every day、我们每天7:10去上学。
　　I decide to read English every day、我决定每天读英语。
　　2、 everyday 作定语,译为“日常得”。
　　She watches everyday English on TV after dinner、她晚饭后在电视上瞧日常英语。
　　What"s your everyday activity?您得日常活动就是什么？
　　6) 什么就是助动词
　　1、协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组得词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助得动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
　　助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如:He doesn"t like English、　她不喜欢英语。
　　(doesn"t就是助动词,无词义;like就是主要动词,有词义)
　　2、助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
　　a、 表示时态,例如:He is singing、　她在唱歌。
　　He has got married、　她已结婚。
　　b、 表示语态,例如:　He was sent to England、　她被派往英国。
　　c、 构成疑问句,例如:　　Do you like college life?　您喜欢大学生活吗？
　　Did you study English before you came here?您来这儿之前学过英语吗？
　　d、 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:　I don"t like him、　 我不喜欢她。
　　e、 加强语气,例如:　　　Do e to the party tomorrow evening、 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
　　He did know that、　 她得确知道那件事。
　　3、最常用得助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
　　7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
　　1、forget to do　忘记要去做某事。　(未做)
　　forget doing　忘记做过某事。　　(已做)
　　The light in the office is still on、 He forgot to turn it off、办公室得灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯得动作)
　　He forgot turning the light off、 她忘记她已经关了灯了。　　　 ( 已做过关灯得动作)
　　Don"t forget to e tomorrow、别忘了明天来。　　　　(to e动作未做)
　　典型例题
　　---- The light in the office is still on、
　　---- Oh,I forgot___、
　　A、 turning it off　 B、 turn it off　C、 to turn it off　 D、 having turned it off
　　答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯得动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth、而forget doing sth　表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
　　2、remember to do 记得去做某事　　　　 (未做)
　　remember doing　记得做过某事　　　 (已做)
　　Remember to go to the post office after school、记着放学后去趟邮局。
　　Don"t you remember seeing the man before? 您不记得以前见过那个人吗?
　　8) It"s for sb、与 It"s of sb、
　　1、for sb、 常用于表示事物得特征特点,表示客观形式得形容词,如easy, hard, difficult,　 interesting, impossible等:
　　It"s very hard for him to study two languages、 对她来说学两门外语就是很难得。
　　2、of sb　得句型一般用表示人物得性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度得形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
　　It"s very nice of you to help me、 您来帮助我,您真就是太好了。
　　3、for 与of 得辨别方法:
　　用介词后面得代词作主语,用介词前边得形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
　　You are nice、　(通顺,所以应用of)。
　　He is hard、　(人就是困难得,不通,因此应用for。)
　　9) 对两个句子得提问
　　新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消得趋势,现在采取得作法就是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
　　句子:The boy in blue has three pens、
　　提问:1、Who has three pens?
　　2、Which boy has three pens?
　　3、What does the boy in blue have?
　　4、How many pens does the boy in blue have?很显然,学生多了更多得回答角度,也体现了考试得灵活性。再如:
　　句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday、
　　提问:1、Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
　　2、Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
　　3、What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
　　4、With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
　　5、What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
　　6、When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
　　10) so、such与不定冠词得使用
　　1、so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:He is so funny a boy、
　　Jim has so big a house、
　　2、such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:It is such a nice day、
　　That was such an interesting story、
　　11) 使用-ing分词得几种情况
　　1、在进行时态中。如:He is watching TV in the room、
　　They were dancing at nine o"clock last night、
　　2、在there be结构中。如:There is a boy swimming in the river、
　　3、在have fun/problems结构中。如:We have fun learning English this term、
　　They had problems getting to the top of the mountain、
　　4、在介词后面。如:Thanks for helping me、
　　Are you good at playing basketball、
5、在以下结构中:
　　enjoy doing sth　　　　　　　　　　　乐于做某事
　　finish doing sth　　　　　　　　　　　完成做某事
　　feel like doing sth 想要做某事
　　stop doing sth 停止做某事
　　forget doing sth 忘记做过某事
　　go on doing sth 继续做某事
　　remember doing sth 记得做过某事
　　like doing sth 喜欢做某事
　　keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
　　find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事
　　see/hear/watch sb doing sth 瞧到/听到/观瞧某人做某事
　　try doing sth 试图做某事
　　need doing sth 需要做某事
　　prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事
　　mind doing sth 介意做某事
　　practice doing sth 练习做某事
　　be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
　　can"t help doing sth 禁不住做某事
　　miss doing sth 错过做某事 12) 英语中得“单数”

人称单数形式,即可用“he,　she,　it”代替得。如:
　　he, she, it
　　my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary"s uncle
　　2、名词有单数名词与复数名词。如:man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
　　3、动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
　　go---goes---going---went---gone
　　work---works---working---worked---worked
　　watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
　　当主语为第三人称单数得时候,谓语动词必须用相应得第三人称单数形式。如:
　　The boy wants to be a sales assistant、
　　Our English teacher is from the US、
　　Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself、
　　12) 英语中得“单数”
　　1、主语得第三人称单数形式,即可用“he,　she,　it”代替得。如:
　　he, she, it
　　my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary"s uncle
　　2、名词有单数名词与复数名词。如:man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数)
　　3、动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。如:
　　go---goes---going---went---gone
　　work---works---working---worked---worked
　　watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
　　当主语为第三人称单数得时候,谓语动词必须用相应得第三人称单数形式。如:
　　The boy wants to be a sales assistant、
　　Our English teacher is from the US、
　　Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself、
　　13) 名词得复数构成得几种形式
　　名词复数得构成可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种。
　　I 名词复数得规则变化
　　1、一般在名词词尾加-s。如:pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers
　　desk---desks　　　　　　　　　　tree---trees
　　2、以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾得名词,词尾加-es。如:class---classes dish---dishes
　　watch---watches box---boxes
　　3、以字母-o结尾得某些名词,词尾加-es。如:potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes
　　Negro---Negroes hero---heroes
　　4、以辅音字母加-y结尾得名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。如:family---families dictionary---dictionaries
　　city---cities country---countries
　　5、以字母-f或-fe结尾得名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。如:
　　half---halves leaf---leaves
　　thief---thieves knife---knives
　　self---selves wife---wives
　　life---lives wolf---wolves
　　shelf---shelves loaf---loaves
　　但就是:scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs
　　serf---serfs gulf---gulfs
　　chief---chiefs proof---proofs
　　belief---beliefs
　　II 名词复数得不规则变化
　　1、将-oo改为--ee。如:　foot---feet tooth---teeth
　　2、将-man改为-men。如:
　　man---men woman---women
　　policeman---policemen postman---postmen
　　3、添加词尾。如:child---children
　　4、单复数同形。如:
　　sheep---sheep deer---deer
　　fish---fish people---people
　　5、表示“某国人”得单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。如:
　　Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
　　Swiss---Swiss
　　Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
　　American---Americans Australian---Australians
　　Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans
　　Russian---Russians Indian---Indians
　　6、其它。如:
　　mouse---mice
　　apple tree---apple trees
　　man teacher---men teachers

一个字母得-ing分词
　　初中阶段常见得有以下这些:1、let→letting　　　　　　　让
　　hit→hitting　　　　　　　打、撞
　　cut→cutting　　　　　　　切、割
　　get→getting　　　　　　　取、得到
　　sit→sitting　　　　　　　坐
　　forget→forgetting　　　　忘记
　　put→putting　　　　　　　放
　　set→setting　　　　　　　设置
　　babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿
　　2、shop→shopping　　　　　　购物
　　trip→tripping　　　　　　绊
　　stop→stopping　　　　　　停止
　　drop→dropping　　　　　　放弃
　　3、travel→travel(l)ing　　　旅游
　　swim→swimming　　　　　　游泳
　　run→running　　　　　　　跑
　　dig→digging　　　　　　　挖、掘
　　begin→beginning　　　　　开始
　　prefer→preferring 宁愿
　　plan→planning 计划
　　15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化得一些词
　　1、some变为any。如:There are some birds in the tree→There aren"t any birds in the tree、
　　但就是,若在表示请邀请、请求得句子中,some可以不变。如:Would you like some orange juice?
　　与此相关得一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。
　　2、and变为or。如:I have a knife and a ruler、→I don"t have a knife or a ruler、
　　3、a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:They have a lot of friends、(可数名词)→They don"t have many friends、
　　There is lots of orange in the bottle、(不可数名词)→There isn"t much orange in the bottle、
　　4、already变为yet。如:
　　I have been there already、→I haven"t been there yet、
　　16) in与after
　　in 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。
　　1、in 经常用于将来时得句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。如:
　　He will leave for Beijing in a week、一周后她会动身去北京。
　　2、after 经常用于过去时得句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。如:
　　He left for Beijing after a week、一周后她动身去了北京。
　　不过,如果after后跟得就是具体得时刻,它也可用于将来时。如:
　　We will finish the work after ten o"clock、十点后我们会完成工作得。
　　3、注意区分以下得in得用法。
　　I"ll visit him in a week、一周后我会去拜访她。
　　I"ll visit him twice in a week、一周内我会去拜访她两次。
　　17) 不定冠词a与an得使用
　　1、a 用在以辅音音素开头得单词前。如:
　　There is a "b" in the word "book"、
　　单词book中有个字母b。
　　类似得字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。
　　She has a small knife、　她有一把小刀。
　　2、an 用于以元音音素开头得单词前。如:
　　There is an "i" in the word "onion"、
　　单词onion中有个字母i。
　　类似得字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。
　　Do you have an umbrella?您有一把雨伞吗？
　　3、以元音字母开头得单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头得单词前面也不一定都用a。如:
　　a useful book
　　a universe
　　a one-letter word
　　an hour
　　an uncle
　　an umbrell
　　an honest person

如何表达英语中得“穿、戴”？英语中表示“穿、戴”得表达方法有好几种,常见得有以下这些:
　　1、put on 主要表达“穿”得动作。如:He put on his coat、她穿上了她得外套。
　　You"d better put on your shoes、您最好穿上您得鞋子。
　　2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”得状态。如:The old man wears a pair of glasses、老人戴着一副眼镜。
　　The girl is wearing a red skirt、那女孩穿着一条红色得短裙。
　　3、dress 可作及物动词,有“给、、、、、、穿衣”得意思,后接“人”,而不就是“衣服”。如:
　　Please dress the children right now、请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。
　　dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着得习惯。如:The woman always dresses in green、那位妇女总就是穿绿色得衣服。
　　4、be in 表示穿着得状态。如:John is in white today、约翰今天穿白色得衣服。
　　The man in black is a football coach、
　　19) a little, a few 与 a bit (of)
　　a little, a few 与 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”得意义。她们得区别在哪里呢？
　　1、 a little　意为“一些、少量”,后接不可数名词。如: There is a little water in the bottle、 瓶子里有一点水。
　　还可以接形容词。如: He is a little shy、 她有些害羞。
　　2、 a few 意为“一些、少数”,后接复数得可数名词。如: There are a few people in the room、 房间里有一些人。
　　3、 a bit 意为“一点儿”,后接形容词。如: It"s a bit cold、 有点冷。
　　a bit of 后接不可数名词。如: He has a bit of money、 她有一点儿钱。
　　4、 a little 表肯定意义,little 表否定意义;a few 表肯定意义,few 表否定意义。如:
　　There is a little soda in the glass、 杯子里有一点儿汽水。
　　There is little soda in the glass、 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。
　　I have a few Chinese friends、 我有一些中国朋友。
　　Few people like him、 几乎没有人喜欢她。
　　5、 a little = a bit of, 后接不可数名词;
　　a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容词,意为“有点儿”。
　　20) 关于like得用法like 可以作动词,也可以作介词。
　　1、like 作动词,表示一般性得“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指得含义。如:Do you like the color?您喜爱这种颜色吗？
　　like 后可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接动词得-ing分词(like doing sth),有时意思不尽相同。如:
　　She likes eating apples、她喜爱吃苹果。(习惯)
　　She likes to eat an apple、她喜爱吃一粒苹果。(平常不喜欢吃)
　　like 与 would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气得请求。如:Would you like a cup of tea?您愿意喝杯茶吗？
　　“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth/doing sth”。如: They all like me to sing/singing English songs、她们都喜欢我唱英文歌。
　　2、like 作介词,可译成“像、、、、、、”。如:
　　She is friendly to us like a mother、她对我们友好,就像母亲一样。
　　It looks like an orange、它瞧起来像个桔子。
　　3、区分以下句子:
　　A、 What does he look like?
　　B、 What is he like?
　　A句译为“她长相如何？”指一个人得外貌特征;而B句译为“她人怎么样？”指人得性格特点。
　　C、 The boy like Peter is over there、
　　D、 A boy like Peter can"t do it、
　　A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。
　　21) stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth
　　1、 stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。如: The students stop to listen to their teacher、 学生们停下来去听她们老师讲话。
　　2、 stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。如: The students stopped talking、 学生们停止了谈话。
　　与它们相反得句式就是:go on to do sth “继续做某事(与刚才一事不同)”与 go on doing sth “继续做某事(与刚才同一件事)”。如:
　　He finishes his homework and goes on to study English她完成了作业,接着继续去念英语。
　　They went on playing games、 她们继续玩游戏。
　　22) tell, speak, say 与 talk
　　1、 tell 意为“告诉、讲述”,指某人把某一件事、一条信息传送给别人或讲述一件事。如:
　　He tells me that he wants to be a teacher、 她告诉我说她想成为一位教师。
　　Father always tells interesting stories to us、 爸爸总就是给我们讲有趣得故事。
　　tell sb sth 意为“告知某人某事”。如: He told me something about his past、 她告诉我一些她得往事。
　　tell sb to do sth 意为“告诉某人去做某事”。如: David told his son to do the homework、 大卫要她得儿子去做作业。
　　2、 speak 意为“说话、讲话”,后面主要接语言。如: He can speak English and a little Chinese、 她能讲英语与一点汉语。 speak to 意为“与、、、、、讲话、谈话”。如: Can I speak to Mr Zhang? 我能与张先生讲话吗？
　　speak of 意为“提到、说起”。如:
　　The book speaks of my hometown、 那本书提到我得家乡。
　　3、 talk 意为“谈话、讲话”,如果只有一方对另一方说话时,一般用 talk to;如果双方或多方交谈,多用 with。如:
　　Please talk to him right now、 请立即同她谈话。
　　He is talking with his friend、 她在与朋友交谈。
　　talk about 意为“谈论、、、、、、”。如: They are talking about the movie、 她们在谈论那部电影。
　　have a talk with 意为“与、、、、、、交谈”。如:Can I have a talk with you? 我可以与您交谈吗？4、 say 意为“说”。如: Can you say it in English once more? 您能用英语再说一遍吗？
　　say to 意为“对、、、、、、说”。如: He said to his students that they would have a test、 她对她得学生说她们将有一个测试。
　　It is said that、、、 意为“据说”。如:
　　It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time、 据说她能呆在水里很长时间。
　　23) Excuse me! 与 I"m sorry!
　　1、 Excuse me! 意为“打搅了！对不起！”,一般就是为了与陌生人搭话,或者要打断对方所说(做)得事。如:
　　Excuse me, is there a hotel in the neighborhood? 请问,附近有旅馆吗？
　　Excuse me, could I say something? 打搅一下,我能说一些吗？
　　2、 I"m sorry! 意为“对不起！”,表示道歉。如:
　　I"m sorry, Mr Zhang、 I won"t do it again、 对不起,张先生。我不会这么做了。
　　24) 表示时间得 in、on 与 at
　　in, on 与 at 都可以与表示时间得词(组)连用。
　　1、 in 表示时间得一段或较长得时间。如:
　　in the morning 在上午
　　in May, 2004 在2004年五月
　　in a week 在一周之内(后)
　　It"s Sunday, I can finish it in two days、 现在就是星期天,我能在两天后完成。(星期二)
　　Rome was not built in a day、 罗马不就是在一天内建起来得。
　　2、 on 主要指在具体得一天。如:
　　on Sunday 在星期天
　　on May Day 在“五一”节
　　on a hot afternoon 在一个炎热得下午
　　He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004、 　她于2004年4月26日到达北京。
　　3、 at 表示时间得一点或比较短得时间。如: at 8:00 在八点 noon 在中午
　　I always get up at 6:00 every morning、 我总就是每天早晨六点起床。
　　It"s always warm at this time of year、 每年得这个时候总就是暖与得。
　　25) Other及其用法
　　Other 及其相近得词(组),如 others, the other, the others, another, any other 等,一直就是中学生朋友们比较困扰得问题,平常得考试、作业中经常出错。下面就是它们得一些用法:
　　1、other 指其余得人或物,所有格就是 other"s,复数形式就是 others,the other 指“两个人或物中得另一个”,其复数形式就是 the others,others 相当于“other + 名词”,所以不能充当定语,修饰名词。others指整体中去掉一部分后剩余得部分,但不就是全部得,即 some、、、others (一些、、、其余得人、、、)。the others 强调整体中除去一部分后剩余得全部,即some、、、the others、
　　2、another 泛指三个以上得不定数目中得“另外一个”。由 an 与 other 合并构成,所以不能与冠词连用。another 修饰单数名词,比如:another pencil、
　　3、any other 指除去本身以外得“任何其她得人或物”,后面要用名词得单数形式。
　　26) look 短语
　　常见得look短语有以下这些:
　　1、look at 朝、、、、、、瞧 Please look at the map of China、 请瞧中国地图。(look at=have a look at)
　　2、look for 寻找 The old man is looking for his dog、 老人在寻找她得狗。
　　3、look like 瞧起来像 Nancy looks like her mother 南希瞧起来像她母亲。
　　4、look the same 瞧上去一样 Li Ping and Li Jing look the same、 李萍与李晶瞧上去一样。
　　5、look up 查找 Please look up the word in the dictionary、 请在词典中查找这个单词。
　　6、look over 仔细检查 The doctor looked over Mary carefully、 医生仔细检查了玛丽。
　　7、look after 照顾,照瞧 You must look after your old father、 您必须照顾您得老父亲。
　　8、look around 到处寻找、查瞧 We looked around, but we found nothing strange、 我们四处查瞧,但就是我们没有发现奇怪得东西。
　　27) too,also与either
　　1、too用于肯定句与疑问句,一般放在句尾,其前常加逗号。如:
　　We are in the same school, too、 我们也在相同得学校。
　　Do you play soccer every day, too? 您也每天踢足球吗？
　　2、also用于肯定句与疑问句,一般位于实义动词前、be动词后。如:
　　Sandra is also a Korean student、 Sandra 也就是一个韩国学生。
　　3、either用于否定句,一般放在句末。如:
　　They don"t know the answer, either、 她们也不知道答案。
　　4、as well as也有“也”得意思。如:
　　We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda、
　　He is a happy boy as well、

28) hard与hardly
　　1、hard既可作形容词,也可作副词。如:
　　It"s a hard(adj、) question、 (=difficult) 这就是一个难得问题。
　　The boy studies very hard(adv、)、 那男孩学习非常努力。
　　句子结构:It"s hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说就是难得。如:
　　It"s hard for him to finish the work、 完成那项工作对她来说很难。
　　注意区分:hard work 困难得工作 work hard 努力工作
　　2、hardly就是频度副词,表示否定得意思。(=almost not)通常用在形容词、副词与动词之前。如:
　　I can hardly see it、 我几乎瞧不到它。
　　29) sometime,sometimes,some time与some times
　　1、sometime就是时间副词,指不确定得将来或过去某一点时间(某时候或任何时候),不指一段时间。如:
　　We"ll go to Beijing sometime next month、 我们下个月某一时候会去北京。
　　2、sometimes就是频度副词,指“有时”、“不时”得意思(=at times)。如:
　　Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning、 有时候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。
　　3、some time就是名词词组,指一段时间(一些时间或若干时间)。如:
　　It took him some time to finish the book、 她花了一些时间去完成作业。
　　4、some times指“几次”。如:
　　He met the woman some times last month、 上个月她见过那妇女几次。
　　30) exercise得一些用法
　　1、作不及物动词,译为“运动,锻炼”。如:
　　David exercises every morning、 大卫每天早晨进行锻炼。
　　2、作及物动词,译为“训练”。如:
　　Swimming exercises the whole body、 游泳能使身体得到全面得锻炼。
　　3、作名词,译为“体育锻炼、运动、体操、练习题”等。如:
　　It"s good to do eye exercises every day、 每天做眼保键操对眼睛有好处。
　　Please do more exercise from now on、 从今以后请多做运动吧。
　　I have lots of homework to do tonight、 今晚我有很多得作业要做。
　　4、注意:exercise指具体运动或体操时就是可数名词,复数形式为exercises;泛指运动时就是不可数名词。
　　31) maybe与may be
　　1、maybe就是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“perhaps”。如:
　　Maybe he can answer the question、 也许她能回答那个问题。
　　He maybe is from the USA, too、 她可能也来自美国。
　　2、may be中得may为情态动词,译为“可能就是、、、、、、”。如:
　　He may be from the USA, too、 她可能也来自美国。
　　She may be our English teacher、 她可能就是我们得英语老师。
　　32) same与different
　　1、same指“相同得”,前面通常要有一个定冠词the,但就是如果same前面已经有this,those等词,就不能再与the连用了。如:
　　We are in the same class、 我们在同一个班级。
　　结构:the same as　与、、、、、、一样　如:
　　His mark is the same as mine、 她得分数与我得分数一样。
　　2、different译为“不同得”,其后得可数名词应为复数形式。如:
　　We are in different classes、 我们在不同得班级。
　　结构:be different from　与、、、、、、不同　如:
　　This sweater is different from that one、 这件毛衣与那一件不同。
　　different得名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。
　　33) 动词want得用法
　　1、want sth、 想要某物 They want some help、 她们需要一些帮助。
　　2、want sb、 to do sth、 想要某人去做某事 My father wants me to help him on the farm、 我父亲要我在农场上帮她。
　　3、want to do sth、 想要做某事 I want to study English in England、　我想要在英国学习英语。
　　4、want doing 需要、、、 Your sweater wants washing、 您得运动衣该洗了。
　　34) be good(bad) for、be good at得相关用法
　　1、be good for 对、、、、、、有益 Doing morning exercises is good for your health、 做早操对您们得建康有益。
　　2、be good at 擅长于、、、、、、Li Ping is good at basketball、 李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball、 李平擅长于打篮球。
　　be good at = do well in 如:I"m good at math、 = I do well in math、 我擅长于数学。
　　3、be good to 对、、、、、、好 Parents are always good to their children、 父母亲总就是对她们得孩子好。
　　35) how many与how much
　　1、how many表示“多少”,对数量提问,后面接可数名词得复数形式。如:
　　There are four people in my family、 ---How many people are in your family? 您家里有几个人？
　　We have seven classes every day、　---How many classes do you have every day?您们每天上几节课？
　　2、how much也就是表示“多少”,但它对不可数名词进行提问。如:
　　There is some milk in the bottle、 ---How much milk is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少牛奶？
　　3、how much还可以对价格提问,表示“多少钱”得意思。如:
　　The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan、
　　---How much is the yellow T-shirt? 那件黄色得T恤衫多少钱？

法
　　1、with表“与、同、与”。如:
　　Can you go to the park with me? 您能与我一起去公园吗？
　　2、with表“用、以、被”。如:
　　Don"t write with the red pen、 不要用那支红色得钢笔写字。
　　3、with表“随着”。如:
　　Climate varies with the time of the year、
　　气候随着时令得不同而不同。
　　4、with表“带有、有、、、、、、得”。如:
　　The girl with long hair is my classmate、
　　长头发得女孩就是我得同学。
　　5、with表“因为、由于”。如:
　　They were angry with hard work、
　　她们因为艰难得工作而生气。
　　6、一些with结构:
　　play with　　　　　　　　与、、、、、、一起玩
　　be angry with　　　　　　对、、、、、、生气
　　talk with　　　　　　　　与、、、、、、交谈
　　get on well with　　　　与、、、、、、相处融洽
　　37) a lot of(lots of)与many,much
　　1、a lot of意为“许多、大量”。相当于lots of。它既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词。如:
　　I have a lot of friends in China、 我在中国有很多朋友。
　　The old man has lots of money、 那位老人有很多得钱。
　　2、many意为“许多”。它用来修饰可数名词。如:
　　Do you have many beautiful skirts? 您有很多漂亮得裙子吗？
　　3、much意为“大量”。它用来修饰不可数名词。如:
　　There is much water in the lake、 湖里有大量得水。
　　4、a lot of(=lots of)用在肯定句中,而many,much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lot of(=lots of)得肯定句改为否定句或疑问句,要将它们改为many或much。如:We can see a lot of birds in the tree、---We can"t see many birds in the tree、 我们在树上瞧不到很多鸟儿。
　　He wants lots of soda、 ---Does he want much soda? 她需要许多汽水吗？
　　38) help用法举例
　　help既可以作名词,也可以作动词。
　　1、help作名词,意为“帮助”。如:
　　He needs some help、
　　她需要一些帮助。
　　2、help作动词,也就是“帮助”得意思。如:
　　Can you help me?
　　您能帮帮我吗？
　　3、help得结构:
　　help sb (to) do sth　　　　　　　帮助某人做某事
　　=help sb with sth　　　　　　　　帮助某人做某事
　　如:They want to help the boy carry the heavy box、=They want to help the boy with the heavy box、
　　她们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。
　　39) well得用法
　　well可以作副词,也可以作形容词。
　　1、well作副词,意为“(某事干得)好”。如:
　　The boy draws very well、 男孩画得很好。
　　2、well作形容词,意为“健康、安好”。如:I"m not feeling well、 我觉得不舒服。
　　40) ago与before
　　ago与before都表示“、、、、、、以前”,但用法有所区别。
　　1、ago意为“以前”,表示从此刻算起得若干时间之前,常用于过去时得句子中。如:
　　He took a photo a week ago、 她一周前照了一张相片。
　　2、before作为副词时表示:
　　a、从过去某一时刻算起得若干时间以前,用于过去完成时得句子中。如:
　　The boy had already seen the edy before、 那男孩以前已经瞧过那部喜剧片了。
　　b、笼统得“以前”,用于一般过去时或现在完成时得句子中,一般单独使用,而ago不可以单独使用。如:
　　He"s read this novel before、 她以前读过这部小说。
　　41) need得用法
　　1、need作实义动词,意为“需要”。如:
　　Do you need to stay at home? 您要呆在家里吗？
　　2、need作情态动词,一般用于对must得否定回答。如:
　　--Must he leave now?　　她必须离开吗？
　　---No, he needn"t、　　　　不,她不必。
　　3、区分:
　　a、need作实义动词。
　　He needs to go、
　　He doesn"t need to go、
　　Does he need to go?
　　Yes, he does、/No, he doesn"t、
　　b、need作情态动词,一般不用于肯定句。
　　He needn"t go、
　　Need he go?
　　Yes, he need、/No, he needn"t、

42) decide得几种句式
　　1、decide to do sth　　　决定去做某事
　　They decide to fly kite on weekend、 她们决定在周末去放风筝。
　　2、decide on doing sth　　　决定做某事
　　They decide on flying kites、 她们决定放风筝。
　　3、decide on sth　　　　就某事决定、、、、、、
　　Betty decided on the red skirt、 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。
　　4、decide得名词形式为decision,结构:make a decision,意为“做决定”。
　　如:He has made a decision、 她已经做一个决定了。
　　43) too many,too much与much too
　　1、too many意为“太多”,用于修饰可数名词得复数。如:
　　There are too many students in our class、 我们班上有太多得学生。
　　2、too much意为“太多”,用于修饰不可数名词。如:
　　We have too much work to do、 我们有太多得工作要做。
　　3、much too表示“太”,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:
　　The box is much too heavy, so I can"t carry it、 箱子太重了,所以我搬不动它。
　　44) can得用法
　　1、表示能力。如:
　　We can carry the heavy box、 我们可以搬得动箱子。
　　Who can sing an English song? 谁会唱英文歌？
　　2、表示惊讶、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句与疑问句中。如:
　　Can it be true? 这会就是真得吗？
　　You can"t be serious? 您不会当真吧？
　　3、表示允许,意思与may相近,主要用于口语中。
　　如:Can I smoke here? 我可以在这儿吸烟吗？
　　Can I go with him? 我可以跟她一起去吗？